mangaBookmark/backend/internal/session/session.go

package session

import (
	"crypto/rand"
	"encoding/hex"
	"net"
	"net/http"
	"strings"
	"sync"
	"time"
)

const (
	CookieName = "bmgr_session"
	// 60 days: long enough that a phone stays logged in between reading spells.
	SessionTTL = 60 * 24 * time.Hour
)

// NewID returns an opaque session id: 32 random bytes, hex-encoded. The id is
// all the cookie carries and all the sessions table keys on, so its entropy is
// what stops a guessed id from being someone else's session.
func NewID() string {
	var b [32]byte
	if _, err := rand.Read(b[:]); err != nil {
		panic("session id: " + err.Error())
	}
	return hex.EncodeToString(b[:])
}

// isHTTPS reports whether the browser's connection is encrypted. Behind Traefik
// the Go server itself speaks plain HTTP, so the forwarded header is the only
// signal; without this check the Secure cookie would never be set in
// production, and setting it unconditionally would break http://localhost dev.
func isHTTPS(r *http.Request) bool {
	return r.TLS != nil || r.Header.Get("X-Forwarded-Proto") == "https"
}

// SetCookie writes the session cookie. The value is the session id and nothing
// else; the row behind it is looked up on every request.
func SetCookie(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, id string) {
	http.SetCookie(w, &http.Cookie{
		Name:     CookieName,
		Value:    id,
		Path:     "/",
		MaxAge:   int(SessionTTL / time.Second),
		HttpOnly: true,
		Secure:   isHTTPS(r),
		SameSite: http.SameSiteLaxMode,
	})
}

func ClearCookie(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	http.SetCookie(w, &http.Cookie{
		Name:     CookieName,
		Value:    "",
		Path:     "/",
		MaxAge:   -1,
		HttpOnly: true,
		Secure:   isHTTPS(r),
		SameSite: http.SameSiteLaxMode,
	})
}

const (
	MaxFailures = 10
	Window      = 20 * time.Minute
)

// ClientIP returns the address the reverse proxy actually observed.
//
// Traefik appends the peer address to whatever X-Forwarded-For the client sent,
// so the leftmost entry is attacker-controlled and the rightmost is not. Go's
// Header.Get would only read the first header line, which a client can preempt
// by sending its own; Values covers every line so the true last hop is found.
// RemoteAddr is useless behind the proxy — it is always the Traefik container —
// so it serves only as the direct-connection fallback for local development.
func ClientIP(r *http.Request) string {
	if vals := r.Header.Values("X-Forwarded-For"); len(vals) > 0 {
		hops := strings.Split(vals[len(vals)-1], ",")
		if ip := strings.TrimSpace(hops[len(hops)-1]); ip != "" {
			return ip
		}
	}
	host, _, err := net.SplitHostPort(r.RemoteAddr)
	if err != nil {
		return r.RemoteAddr
	}
	return host
}

// LoginLimiter throttles failed sign-in attempts: MaxFailures failures inside
// a rolling Window blocks further attempts from that IP until the oldest one
// ages out. There is no permanent ban and no unlock step.
//
// Behind carrier-grade NAT this budget is shared with every other subscriber on
// the same public address, so a stranger can lock the owner out for up to one
// window. That is accepted: the block self-heals, and ten attempts is generous
// for the occasional fumbled sign-in.
//
// State is in memory and per-process, so a restart clears it. Entries are
// pruned lazily on access; for a single-user deployment the map cannot grow
// past the handful of addresses that ever attempt a login.
type LoginLimiter struct {
	mu       sync.Mutex
	failures map[string][]time.Time
}

func NewLoginLimiter() *LoginLimiter {
	return &LoginLimiter{failures: make(map[string][]time.Time)}
}

// retryAfter returns how long ip must wait, or zero when it may try now.
func (l *LoginLimiter) RetryAfter(ip string, now time.Time) time.Duration {
	l.mu.Lock()
	defer l.mu.Unlock()

	recent := l.pruneLocked(ip, now)
	if len(recent) < MaxFailures {
		return 0
	}
	return recent[0].Add(Window).Sub(now)
}

func (l *LoginLimiter) Fail(ip string, now time.Time) {
	l.mu.Lock()
	defer l.mu.Unlock()
	l.failures[ip] = append(l.pruneLocked(ip, now), now)
}

func (l *LoginLimiter) Reset(ip string) {
	l.mu.Lock()
	defer l.mu.Unlock()
	delete(l.failures, ip)
}

// pruneLocked drops attempts older than the window and returns what is left.
// The caller must hold l.mu.
func (l *LoginLimiter) pruneLocked(ip string, now time.Time) []time.Time {
	cutoff := now.Add(-Window)
	// In-place filter: kept reuses the backing array of the slice being
	// ranged over. Safe to alias because append writes at index len(kept),
	// which is always <= the range index i, and element i is read before
	// that write — the write cursor can never overtake the read cursor.
	kept := l.failures[ip][:0]
	for _, at := range l.failures[ip] {
		if at.After(cutoff) {
			kept = append(kept, at)
		}
	}
	if len(kept) == 0 {
		delete(l.failures, ip)
		return nil
	}
	l.failures[ip] = kept
	return kept
}