mangaBookmark/backend/web.go

package main

import (
	"crypto/subtle"
	"embed"
	"html/template"
	"io/fs"
	"log"
	"math"
	"mime"
	"net/http"
	"net/url"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"time"
)

//go:embed templates
var templateFS embed.FS

//go:embed static
var staticFS embed.FS

// recentCount is how many series the "Continue reading" strip shows.
const recentCount = 5

// webHandler serves the browser UI: full pages at / and htmx fragments at /ui/.
// It is a separate handler from bookmarkHandler because the two speak different
// representations (HTML versus JSON) to different clients under different auth.
type webHandler struct {
	store    *Store
	tmpl     *template.Template
	key      []byte
	password string
	limiter  *loginLimiter
}

// listView is what every list-rendering template receives.
type listView struct {
	Tab    string // "all", "fav", or "new"
	Recent []Bookmark
	Items  []Bookmark
	// NewCount is the badge on the Updated tab: how many series being read
	// have a chapter out that has not been read. It is counted over the whole
	// reading set, not the active tab, so the badge does not change meaning as
	// the user moves between tabs.
	NewCount int
	// OOB marks a render of the chrome partials as an out-of-band swap rather
	// than the inline copy app.html lays out.
	OOB bool
}

// Initial is the monogram the templates show in place of a cover when the
// source site never gave us an og:image. First rune, uppercased; "?" when even
// the title is missing, so the slot is never empty.
func (b Bookmark) Initial() string {
	for _, r := range b.Title {
		return strings.ToUpper(string(r))
	}
	return "?"
}

// loginView is what the login template receives.
type loginView struct {
	Error string
}

// newWebHandler parses every template up front so a broken one kills the
// process at startup rather than the first request that touches it.
func newWebHandler(store *Store, cfg Config) (*webHandler, error) {
	tmpl, err := template.ParseFS(templateFS, "templates/*.html")
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return &webHandler{
		store:    store,
		tmpl:     tmpl,
		key:      sessionKey(cfg.Token, cfg.WebPassword),
		password: cfg.WebPassword,
		limiter:  newLoginLimiter(),
	}, nil
}

func (h *webHandler) register(mux *http.ServeMux) {
	mux.HandleFunc("GET /{$}", h.index)
	mux.HandleFunc("POST /login", h.login)
	mux.HandleFunc("POST /logout", h.logout)
	mux.Handle("GET /static/", staticHandler())

	mux.HandleFunc("GET /ui/list", h.requireSession(h.uiList))
	mux.HandleFunc("POST /ui/bookmarks/{key}/favorite", h.requireSession(h.uiFavorite))
	mux.HandleFunc("POST /ui/bookmarks/{key}/status", h.requireSession(h.uiStatus))
	mux.HandleFunc("POST /ui/bookmarks/{key}/chapter", h.requireSession(h.uiChapter))
	mux.HandleFunc("DELETE /ui/bookmarks/{key}", h.requireSession(h.uiDelete))
}

// staticHandler serves the embedded assets. An hour, not longer: assets are
// not fingerprinted, and embed.FS reports a zero ModTime, so http.FileServer
// emits no Last-Modified or ETag and a client has no way to revalidate a
// cached copy after a deploy short of waiting out max-age.
func staticHandler() http.Handler {
	sub, err := fs.Sub(staticFS, "static")
	if err != nil {
		panic("embed static: " + err.Error())
	}
	// Go's built-in table has no .woff2 and the scratch image has no
	// /etc/mime.types, so without this the fonts go out as
	// application/octet-stream.
	if err := mime.AddExtensionType(".woff2", "font/woff2"); err != nil {
		panic("woff2 mime: " + err.Error())
	}
	files := http.FileServer(http.FS(sub))
	return http.StripPrefix("/static/", http.HandlerFunc(
		func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
			w.Header().Set("Cache-Control", "public, max-age=3600")
			files.ServeHTTP(w, r)
		}))
}

// authed reports whether the request carries a valid session cookie.
func (h *webHandler) authed(r *http.Request) bool {
	c, err := r.Cookie(sessionCookieName)
	return err == nil && verifySession(h.key, c.Value, time.Now().UnixMilli())
}

// requireSession guards the fragment endpoints. It answers 401 rather than
// redirecting, because htmx swaps whatever body it receives into the page and a
// redirected login page would be spliced into the card list.
func (h *webHandler) requireSession(next http.HandlerFunc) http.HandlerFunc {
	return func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
		if !h.authed(r) {
			http.Error(w, "unauthorized", http.StatusUnauthorized)
			return
		}
		next(w, r)
	}
}

func (h *webHandler) render(w http.ResponseWriter, status int, name string, data any) {
	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")
	w.WriteHeader(status)
	if err := h.tmpl.ExecuteTemplate(w, name, data); err != nil {
		// The status line is already sent, so this can only be logged.
		log.Printf("render %s: %v", name, err)
	}
}

// index renders the list, or the login page when there is no session. The login
// page is served at / with status 200 rather than as a redirect to a separate
// URL: one page, no redirect loop to reason about.
func (h *webHandler) index(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	if !h.authed(r) {
		h.render(w, http.StatusOK, "login", loginView{})
		return
	}
	view, err := h.buildListView(r.URL.Query().Get("tab"))
	if err != nil {
		log.Printf("index: %v", err)
		http.Error(w, "internal error", http.StatusInternalServerError)
		return
	}
	h.render(w, http.StatusOK, "app", view)
}

// filterBookmarks returns the subset keep reports true for, preserving order.
// It always returns a non-nil slice so an empty tab renders its empty state.
func filterBookmarks(all []Bookmark, keep func(Bookmark) bool) []Bookmark {
	out := []Bookmark{}
	for _, b := range all {
		if keep(b) {
			out = append(out, b)
		}
	}
	return out
}

// buildListView loads the list once and derives both the tab-filtered items and
// the recent strip from it.
//
// Archived and finished series appear in their own tab and nowhere else — not
// in All, not in Updated, not in Favourites, and not in the recent strip. An
// archived favourite therefore shows only under Archived: Favourites means
// "favourites I am currently reading".
func (h *webHandler) buildListView(tab string) (listView, error) {
	all, err := h.store.List() // already ordered updated_at DESC
	if err != nil {
		return listView{}, err
	}
	reading := filterBookmarks(all, func(b Bookmark) bool { return b.Status == statusReading })

	withNew := filterBookmarks(reading, func(b Bookmark) bool { return b.HasNewChapter() })

	var items []Bookmark
	switch tab {
	case "fav":
		items = filterBookmarks(reading, func(b Bookmark) bool { return b.Favorite })
	case "new":
		items = withNew
	case "archived":
		items = filterBookmarks(all, func(b Bookmark) bool { return b.Status == statusArchived })
	case "finished":
		items = filterBookmarks(all, func(b Bookmark) bool { return b.Status == statusFinished })
	default:
		tab = "all"
		items = reading
	}
	// The strip is scoped to series with a chapter waiting, which is the one
	// question the list below it does not already answer: the list is ordered by
	// reading recency, so the head of it *is* the strip whenever the strip is
	// just "the most recent rows". Only on All — on Updated it would render the
	// same set twice, and on the other tabs it would contradict the bucket.
	//
	// It therefore disappears entirely on a library with nothing new. That is
	// the intended reading: an empty strip has nothing to say, and the ~240px it
	// costs on a phone belongs to the list.
	var recent []Bookmark
	if tab == "all" {
		recent = withNew
		if len(recent) > recentCount {
			recent = recent[:recentCount]
		}
	}
	return listView{Tab: tab, Recent: recent, Items: items, NewCount: len(withNew)}, nil
}

func (h *webHandler) uiList(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	view, err := h.buildListView(r.URL.Query().Get("tab"))
	if err != nil {
		log.Printf("ui list: %v", err)
		http.Error(w, "internal error", http.StatusInternalServerError)
		return
	}
	h.render(w, http.StatusOK, "list", view)
	// The chrome is outside this response's swap target, so without this a tab
	// switch would leave the strip and badge from whichever tab the page was
	// loaded on — the same URL would render differently depending on how the
	// reader got there.
	h.writeChromeOOB(w, view)
}

// currentTab is the tab the reader is looking at, read from htmx's own header,
// so out-of-band chrome is rebuilt for that view rather than for a default.
func currentTab(r *http.Request) string {
	u, err := url.Parse(r.Header.Get("HX-Current-URL"))
	if err != nil {
		return ""
	}
	return u.Query().Get("tab")
}

// writeChromeOOB appends the two regions that live outside #list — the recent
// strip and the Updated badge — as out-of-band swaps, so a mutation cannot
// leave them describing the library as it was before the tap.
func (h *webHandler) writeChromeOOB(w http.ResponseWriter, view listView) {
	view.OOB = true
	for _, name := range []string{"recent", "newcount"} {
		if err := h.tmpl.ExecuteTemplate(w, name, view); err != nil {
			// The card is already written; stale chrome beats a torn response.
			log.Printf("render %s oob: %v", name, err)
			return
		}
	}
}

// refreshChrome rebuilds the chrome for the reader's current tab after a
// mutation and appends it to the response.
func (h *webHandler) refreshChrome(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	view, err := h.buildListView(currentTab(r))
	if err != nil {
		log.Printf("ui chrome: %v", err)
		return
	}
	h.writeChromeOOB(w, view)
}

func (h *webHandler) login(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	ip := clientIP(r)
	if wait := h.limiter.retryAfter(ip, time.Now()); wait > 0 {
		secs := int(wait.Seconds()) + 1
		w.Header().Set("Retry-After", strconv.Itoa(secs))
		h.render(w, http.StatusTooManyRequests, "login", loginView{
			Error: "Too many attempts. Try again in " +
				strconv.Itoa((secs+59)/60) + " min.",
		})
		return
	}

	if err := r.ParseForm(); err != nil {
		http.Error(w, "invalid form", http.StatusBadRequest)
		return
	}
	got := r.PostFormValue("password")
	if subtle.ConstantTimeCompare([]byte(got), []byte(h.password)) != 1 {
		h.limiter.fail(ip, time.Now())
		h.render(w, http.StatusUnauthorized, "login", loginView{Error: "Wrong password."})
		return
	}

	h.limiter.reset(ip)
	setSessionCookie(w, r, h.key)
	http.Redirect(w, r, "/", http.StatusSeeOther)
}

func (h *webHandler) logout(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	clearSessionCookie(w, r)
	http.Redirect(w, r, "/", http.StatusSeeOther)
}

// loadForMutation fetches the row a mutation targets, writing the error
// response itself when there is nothing to mutate.
func (h *webHandler) loadForMutation(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) (Bookmark, bool) {
	key := r.PathValue("key")
	if key == "" {
		http.Error(w, "missing key", http.StatusBadRequest)
		return Bookmark{}, false
	}
	b, ok, err := h.store.Get(key)
	if err != nil {
		log.Printf("ui get %q: %v", key, err)
		http.Error(w, "internal error", http.StatusInternalServerError)
		return Bookmark{}, false
	}
	if !ok {
		http.Error(w, "not found", http.StatusNotFound)
		return Bookmark{}, false
	}
	return b, true
}

// saveAndRenderCard upserts and renders the row as stored, then refreshes the
// chrome. Upsert decides whether updated_at moves, so the argument's timestamp
// is only a candidate and the response must come from the return value.
//
// ponytail: the swapped card stays put even when its new status no longer
// matches the active tab. That much is deliberate — the card showing its new
// state is the feedback for the tap. The strip and the badge are not: they
// describe the whole library, so they are rebuilt out of band on every
// mutation, at the cost of one extra list read per toggle.
func (h *webHandler) saveAndRenderCard(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, b Bookmark) {
	stored, err := h.store.Upsert(b)
	if err != nil {
		log.Printf("ui upsert %q: %v", b.Key, err)
		http.Error(w, "internal error", http.StatusInternalServerError)
		return
	}
	h.render(w, http.StatusOK, "card", stored)
	h.refreshChrome(w, r)
}

// uiFavorite flips the favourite flag. last_chapter_num is untouched, so
// Upsert keeps the stored updated_at and the list does not reorder.
func (h *webHandler) uiFavorite(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	b, ok := h.loadForMutation(w, r)
	if !ok {
		return
	}
	b.Favorite = !b.Favorite
	b.UpdatedAt = time.Now().UnixMilli()
	h.saveAndRenderCard(w, r, b)
}

// uiStatus moves a bookmark between lifecycle buckets. This is the only place
// a series can be marked finished — the JSON API refuses that value, so the
// userscript cannot set it even by accident.
//
// last_chapter_num is untouched, so Upsert keeps the stored updated_at and the
// list does not reorder.
func (h *webHandler) uiStatus(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	b, ok := h.loadForMutation(w, r)
	if !ok {
		return
	}
	if err := r.ParseForm(); err != nil {
		http.Error(w, "invalid form", http.StatusBadRequest)
		return
	}
	switch s := r.PostFormValue("status"); s {
	case statusReading, statusArchived, statusFinished:
		b.Status = s
	default:
		http.Error(w, "invalid status", http.StatusBadRequest)
		return
	}
	b.UpdatedAt = time.Now().UnixMilli()
	h.saveAndRenderCard(w, r, b)
}

// uiChapter forces the read chapter to a value the user typed.
//
// Writing the number also clears last_chapter_url: that URL points at the
// chapter actually read, and once the number is forced elsewhere it would send
// the reader backwards. ContinueURL then falls back to the series page, which
// is always right.
//
// A submit that does not change the number touches nothing. The form is
// pre-filled, so a bare tap of Save is an easy accidental submit; it must not
// destroy last_chapter_url, nor rewrite the last_chapter display string ("45.0"
// to "45") behind a frozen updated_at.
func (h *webHandler) uiChapter(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	b, ok := h.loadForMutation(w, r)
	if !ok {
		return
	}
	if err := r.ParseForm(); err != nil {
		http.Error(w, "invalid form", http.StatusBadRequest)
		return
	}
	raw := strings.TrimSpace(r.PostFormValue("chapter"))
	num, err := strconv.ParseFloat(raw, 64)
	if err != nil || num < 0 || math.IsNaN(num) || math.IsInf(num, 0) {
		http.Error(w, "chapter must be a non-negative number", http.StatusBadRequest)
		return
	}

	if num != b.LastChapterNum {
		b.LastChapterURL = ""
		b.LastChapter = raw
		b.LastChapterNum = num
	}
	b.UpdatedAt = time.Now().UnixMilli()
	h.saveAndRenderCard(w, r, b)
}

// uiDelete removes the row and answers with an empty body, which htmx swaps in
// place of the card — removing it from the page.
func (h *webHandler) uiDelete(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	key := r.PathValue("key")
	if key == "" {
		http.Error(w, "missing key", http.StatusBadRequest)
		return
	}
	if err := h.store.Delete(key); err != nil {
		log.Printf("ui delete %q: %v", key, err)
		http.Error(w, "internal error", http.StatusInternalServerError)
		return
	}
	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")
	w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
	// The empty body is what removes the card; the chrome still has to be told
	// the library got smaller.
	h.refreshChrome(w, r)
}