feat: password-gated web UI on the same backend (#1)

Adds a password-gated browser UI for the bookmark list, served by the same Go
binary and container as the userscript API.

## What

- `GET /` — list page, or the login page when there is no session (200, no redirect).
- `POST /login`, `POST /logout` — stateless HMAC session cookie, 60-day Max-Age.
- `GET /ui/list?tab=all|fav`, `POST /ui/bookmarks/{key}/favorite`,
  `POST /ui/bookmarks/{key}/chapter`, `DELETE /ui/bookmarks/{key}` — htmx fragments.
- `GET /static/*` — embedded `style.css`, `htmx.min.js`, `filter.js`.

Mobile-first dark CSS, 2–3 column grid at ≥900px, "Continue reading" strip of the
five most recent series, NEW badge, client-side title search, no build step.

## Stack

Go `html/template` + htmx 2.0.4 (vendored, 50 KB) + plain CSS. No npm, no bundler.
Templates and assets are `go:embed`-ed, so `CGO_ENABLED=0` and the distroless
image still hold.

## Auth

`WEB_PASSWORD` gates the UI; unset means the web routes are never registered and
`/` returns 404. Session cookie is `HttpOnly`, `SameSite=Lax`, `Secure` when the
request is HTTPS. The signing key derives from `API_TOKEN` + `WEB_PASSWORD`, so
rotating either logs every browser out. Login is rate-limited to 10 failures per
20 minutes per client IP, keyed on the **rightmost** `X-Forwarded-For` entry
(Traefik appends the observed peer, so the leftmost is client-spoofable). CGNAT
lockout is a known, accepted limitation — the window self-heals.

## Invariants preserved

- A session cookie never authenticates `/bookmarks*`. That API stays JSON +
  bearer token, unchanged, as does the userscript.
- `Store.Upsert` is byte-for-byte unmodified. Every UI write goes
  read-modify-write through the new `Store.Get`, so the conditional-`updated_at`
  rule (favouriting must not reorder the list, a chapter override must) lives in
  exactly one function.

## Deployment

`docker-compose.prod.yml` gains a second Traefik router on `MANGA_WEB_HOST`
pointing at the same service — one container, one certificate resolver, no second
service. Both `MANGA_API_HOST` and `MANGA_WEB_HOST` are required (`:?`), with no
example fallback in `.env.example`: a placeholder there would make Traefik
silently publish the UI on a domain you do not own. Needs a DNS A/AAAA record for
`manga.<domain>`. See `DEPLOY.md` §1b.

## Docs

- Design: `docs/superpowers/specs/2026-07-25-web-ui-design.md`
- Plan: `plans/2026-07-25-web-ui-implementation-plan.md`

## Verification

`gofmt` clean, `go vet`, `go test -race ./...`, `CGO_ENABLED=0 go build`, a real
`docker build` + curl smoke test, and a Playwright pass covering login
reject/accept, favourite-without-reorder, chapter edit, delete-with-confirm,
search, tab switch + back button, 390px with no horizontal overflow, and zero JS
console errors.

Reviewed-on: #1
Co-authored-by: Sulthan Zaki <sultankiki05@gmail.com>
Co-committed-by: Sulthan Zaki <sultankiki05@gmail.com>

CLAUDE.md

@@ -26,11 +26,20 @@ Bromite userscript (isolated world, per-site adapters, localStorage cache)
    -- fetch() HTTPS -->  reverse proxy (TLS + CORS)  -->  Go net/http  -->  SQLite (volume)
 ```
 
-- **Backend** (`backend/`): stdlib `net/http` (3 routes, no framework) + `modernc.org/sqlite` (pure Go, `CGO_ENABLED=0` -> static binary -> distroless/scratch image). The reverse proxy terminates TLS; the Go service listens plain `:8080`.
+- **Backend** (`backend/`): stdlib `net/http` (a handful of routes, no framework) + `modernc.org/sqlite` (pure Go, `CGO_ENABLED=0` -> static binary -> distroless/scratch image). The reverse proxy terminates TLS; the Go service listens plain `:8080`.
 - **Single-user store.** One `bookmarks` table keyed `<site>:<series_id>` (`asura`|`demonic`). Sync is **last-write-wins**. Schema and endpoint list are in the plan.
 - **Endpoints:** `GET /bookmarks`, `PUT /bookmarks/{key}` (upsert; see `updated_at` rule below), `DELETE /bookmarks/{key}`, `GET /healthz` (no auth).
+- **Web UI:** the same binary serves a password-gated browser UI on a second
+  hostname — `GET /` (list, or login page when there is no session),
+  `POST /login`, `POST /logout`, `GET /static/*`, and htmx fragment endpoints
+  under `/ui/*`. Templates and assets are `go:embed`-ed, so `backend/Dockerfile`
+  must copy `templates/` and `static/` as well as `*.go`. Sessions are stateless
+  HMAC cookies keyed off `API_TOKEN`; `WEB_PASSWORD` gates them and, when empty,
+  the web routes are not registered at all. UI mutations read-modify-write
+  through `Store.Get` + `Store.Upsert` so the `updated_at` rule stays in one
+  place. See `docs/superpowers/specs/2026-07-25-web-ui-design.md`.
 - **`updated_at` drives list order, so it moves only on real reading progress:** the server applies its timestamp when the row is new or `last_chapter_num` changes, and otherwise keeps the stored value — favouriting a series or recording a newly published chapter must not reorder the list. `PUT` therefore returns the row **as stored**, and clients must adopt that response rather than their own payload. See `plans/2026-07-25-bookmark-list-favorites-design.md` §4.
-- **Config via env:** `API_TOKEN`, `ALLOWED_ORIGINS` (comma list), `DB_PATH` (default `/data/bookmarks.db`), `PORT` (default `8080`).
+- **Config via env:** `API_TOKEN`, `ALLOWED_ORIGINS` (comma list), `DB_PATH` (default `/data/bookmarks.db`), `PORT` (default `8080`), `WEB_PASSWORD` (gates the browser UI; unset disables it).
 
 ### Userscript structure (single IIFE, `manga-bookmark.user.js`)