feat(backend): Discord OAuth login with DB-backed sessions (#23) (#31)

Implements #23 per ADR-0002.

- Discord authorization code grant (identify + guilds.members.read), form-encoded token exchange
- Guild membership gate via the single-guild endpoint; optional DISCORD_REQUIRED_ROLE (empty default)
- Owner Discord ID is the only identity allowed to sign in
- Sessions are DB rows with opaque random ids; cookie carries only the id; expiry enforced; delete = revoke
- HMAC session signing, derived key, and WEB_PASSWORD removed; no replacement signing secret
- Login rate limiting preserved on the callback
- Full flow tested through the real router against a local Discord stub (DISCORD_API_BASE)
- Env: DISCORD_CLIENT_ID/_CLIENT_SECRET/_GUILD_ID/_REQUIRED_ROLE/_API_BASE/_REDIRECT_URI; docs updated

go test ./... passes.

Reviewed-on: #31
Co-authored-by: Sulthan Zaki <sultankiki05@gmail.com>
Co-committed-by: Sulthan Zaki <sultankiki05@gmail.com>

backend/api_test.go

@@ -36,14 +36,23 @@ func newTestServer(t *testing.T) http.Handler {
 
 func newTestStore(t *testing.T) *store.Store {
 	t.Helper()
-	s, err := store.Open(pgtest.URL(t), store.Owner{
+	s, _ := newTestStoreURL(t)
+	return s
+}
+
+// newTestStoreURL is newTestStore plus the database URL, for tests that need
+// to reach the same database directly.
+func newTestStoreURL(t *testing.T) (*store.Store, string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	url := pgtest.URL(t)
+	s, err := store.Open(url, store.Owner{
 		DiscordID: "test-owner", TokenHash: sha256.Sum256([]byte("owner-token-hash")),
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("store.Open: %v", err)
 	}
 	t.Cleanup(func() { s.Close() })
-	return s
+	return s, url
 }
 
 func auth(req *http.Request) *http.Request {
@@ -538,16 +547,29 @@ func TestLatestChapterNullable(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestLoadConfigWebPassword(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Setenv("API_TOKEN", "token-abc")
-	t.Setenv("WEB_PASSWORD", "hunter2")
-	if got := loadConfig().WebPassword; got != "hunter2" {
-		t.Fatalf("WebPassword = %q, want hunter2", got)
+func TestLoadConfigDiscord(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Setenv("DISCORD_CLIENT_ID", "client-1")
+	t.Setenv("DISCORD_CLIENT_SECRET", "client-secret-1")
+	t.Setenv("DISCORD_GUILD_ID", "guild-1")
+	t.Setenv("DISCORD_REQUIRED_ROLE", "role-9")
+	t.Setenv("DISCORD_REDIRECT_URI", "https://bm.example.com/auth/discord/callback")
+	t.Setenv("DISCORD_API_BASE", "https://stub.example/api")
+	if got := loadConfig().Discord; got.ClientID != "client-1" || got.ClientSecret != "client-secret-1" ||
+		got.GuildID != "guild-1" || got.RequiredRole != "role-9" ||
+		got.RedirectURI != "https://bm.example.com/auth/discord/callback" ||
+		got.APIBase != "https://stub.example/api" {
+		t.Fatalf("Discord config = %+v, want every field set", got)
 	}
 
-	t.Setenv("WEB_PASSWORD", "")
-	if got := loadConfig().WebPassword; got != "" {
-		t.Fatalf("WebPassword = %q with the variable unset, want empty", got)
+	// API base falls back to the Discord default; the role is optional.
+	t.Setenv("DISCORD_REQUIRED_ROLE", "")
+	t.Setenv("DISCORD_API_BASE", "")
+	got := loadConfig().Discord
+	if got.RequiredRole != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("RequiredRole = %q, want empty by default", got.RequiredRole)
+	}
+	if got.APIBase != "https://discord.com/api/v10" {
+		t.Fatalf("APIBase = %q, want the Discord default", got.APIBase)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -578,9 +600,9 @@ func TestPutDoesNotClobberLatestCheckedAt(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-// The userscript route is registered outside the `if cfg.WebPassword != ""`
-// block in newRouter, so it must keep working on a deployment that never set
-// WEB_PASSWORD — see internal/userscript for the handler's own behaviour.
+// The userscript route is registered outside the web UI's Discord auth, so it
+// must keep working whatever the web config — see internal/userscript for the
+// handler's own behaviour.
 func TestUserscriptServedWithWebUIDisabled(t *testing.T) {
 	path := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "manga-bookmark.user.js")
 	if err := os.WriteFile(path, []byte("console.log(1);\n"), 0o644); err != nil {
@@ -588,7 +610,7 @@ func TestUserscriptServedWithWebUIDisabled(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	s := newTestStore(t)
-	cfg := testConfig() // WebPassword empty
+	cfg := testConfig() // no Discord config needed for the userscript route
 	cfg.UserscriptPath = path
 
 	rr := httptest.NewRecorder()
@@ -600,7 +622,7 @@ func TestUserscriptServedWithWebUIDisabled(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 // Both scripts are served from the same handler on the same token, outside the
-// WEB_PASSWORD gate — a wrong token is a 404, never a 401.
+// web UI's auth — a wrong token is a 404, never a 401.
 func TestNovelUserscriptServed(t *testing.T) {
 	dir := t.TempDir()
 	novelPath := filepath.Join(dir, "novel-bookmark.user.js")